Oliver! 1968
Directed by
Carol Reed
Made by
Columbia Pictures Corporation
Plot Summary
The film begins in the era surrounding the New Poor Law of 1837, where a group of thin, young, and barefoot boys find themselves confined in a grim workhouse. A group of governors, including Mr. Bumble portrayed by Harry Secombe, enter the scene. The atmosphere is tense as Mrs. Bumble (Peggy Mount) rings a bell, signaling mealtime for the weary boys. As they gather, they sing a hopeful tune about their yearning for more food—Food, Glorious Food!
In a pivotal moment, the boys draw straws, and a small boy, who turns out to be Oliver Twist (Mark Lester), draws the longest one. With trepidation, he approaches the front and utters the unforgettable plea, > “Please Sir, I want some more.” This ignites the outrage of Mr. Bumble, who then drags Oliver to the governors, who hastily decide to throw him out.
Now orphaned and wearing rags, Oliver and Mr. Bumble roam the streets, desperately searching for someone to take the boy in, singing Boy For Sale. Their journey leads them to an undertaker named Mr. Sowerberry, played by Leonard Rossiter, who reluctantly buys Oliver and forces him into the role of a coffin follower.
The spirit of Oliver is soon tested when he loses his temper after Noah, a fellow apprentice, insults his late mother. In retaliation, he is punished and locked away in a cellar. Alone, he sings a heart-wrenching song about his mother’s love, > Where Is Love? After his emotional release, he manages to escape the confines of the cellar and climbs aboard a passing carriage, ultimately making his way to London.
Upon his arrival, Oliver meets a streetwise boy who introduces himself as Jack Dawkins, famously known as the Artful Dodger, played by Jack Wild. He reassures Oliver that he knows of an old gentleman who can provide him shelter without charge. This leads Oliver to Fagin (portrayed by Ron Moody), who introduces him to a life of crime where they pickpocket the wealthy, delivering the catchy number, You’ve Got To Pick A Pocket Or Two.
As the night unfolds, while the boys peacefully sleep, Fagin makes a dubious trip to the local tavern, where he encounters the notorious Bill Sikes (Oliver Reed). Their meeting culminates in an exchange of stolen valuables. Meanwhile, Nancy (Shani Wallis), Sikes’ lover who works at the bar, expresses her tumultuous life and love for Sikes through her poignant song, > It’s A Fine Life.
Timeline
Workhouse Life
The film opens in 1837 amidst the grim realities of the New Poor Law. A group of thin, young boys are confined in a workhouse where they sing a hopeful tune about their desire for more food, setting a somber tone for their plight.
The Plea for More
During mealtime, tension rises as Oliver Twist draws the longest straw among the boys. With courage, he approaches the authorities and famously asks, 'Please Sir, I want some more,' sparking outrage from Mr. Bumble who decides that Oliver must be punished.
Oliver's Rejection
After his plea, Oliver's life takes a turn as Mr. Bumble drags him out of the workhouse. Orphaned and in rags, Oliver is sent out into the cruel world, leading to a desperate search for shelter.
Meeting Mr. Sowerberry
In their search, Oliver and Mr. Bumble encounter undertaker Mr. Sowerberry. Reluctantly, Sowerberry agrees to take Oliver in, forcing him into an unwanted role as a coffin follower, showcasing the desperation of the boy's situation.
The Confrontation with Noah
Oliver's spirit is tested when he retaliates against fellow apprentice Noah, who insults his mother. After this outburst, Oliver is punished and locked away in a cellar where he sings a sorrowful song about longing for his mother's love.
Escape to London
After pouring his heart out in song, Oliver manages to escape from the cellar. He cleverly climbs aboard a passing carriage, his journey leading him to the bustling streets of London, filled with uncertainty but also hope.
Meeting the Artful Dodger
Once in London, Oliver encounters Jack Dawkins, known as the Artful Dodger. Jack reassures Oliver that he can introduce him to a kind gentleman who offers shelter, drawing Oliver deeper into London’s underbelly.
Introduction to Fagin
The Artful Dodger takes Oliver to Fagin, who runs a gang of child pickpockets. This marks Oliver's introduction to a new and dangerous life of crime, as Fagin teaches him the tricks of the trade in a catchy musical number.
Life of Crime
As the boys are initiated into Fagin's world, they sing about the art of pickpocketing. Oliver is drawn deeper into this dark new reality, learning to navigate the streets as part of a band of young thieves.
Fagin's Tavern Encounter
While the boys sleep, Fagin visits a local tavern and meets the infamous Bill Sikes. Their meeting is tense and illicit, showcasing the criminal connections that Fagin maintains in London, which adds to the peril surrounding Oliver.
Nancy's Lament
Sikes' lover Nancy expresses her struggles through a poignant song at the tavern. She reveals her conflicted feelings about her turbulent life with Sikes, reflecting the darker aspects of life on the streets for those involved.
The Cruel Streets
As Oliver integrates into Fagin's gang, he faces the harsh realities of street life. The camaraderie among the boys is overshadowed by the constant threat of violence and the lure of crime as they navigate the struggles of survival.
Oliver's Innocence
Through all the turmoil, Oliver’s innocence shines through as he grapples with the moral implications of his new life. His longing for a family and a better life adds depth to his character, making him a poignant symbol of hope.
New Challenges Ahead
As the story progresses, Oliver continues to face numerous challenges in London, testing his spirit and resilience. The relationships he forms within the gang and the looming threats from Sikes will create a complex web of danger and desire for change.
Characters
Oliver Twist
Oliver is a young, gentle-hearted orphan whose innocence and hope persist even in the darkest circumstances. Throughout the film, he demonstrates bravery as he navigates the harsh realities of life on the streets. His emotional depth and longing for love make him a sympathetic character.
Mr. Bumble
Mr. Bumble is the self-important and cruel workhouse beadle who embodies the oppressive societal structures of the time. His harsh treatment of the boys, especially Oliver, showcases his lack of empathy and moral integrity. Bumble's character serves as a representation of detrimental authority figures.
Fagin
Fagin is a manipulative and dubious character who introduces Oliver to thievery and a life of crime. Charismatic yet untrustworthy, he is a complex figure who represents the moral ambiguity of his environment. Fagin's influence on Oliver raises questions about choice and vulnerability.
Nancy
Nancy is a vibrant yet troubled character who loves Bill Sikes despite his violent nature. Her songs express her struggles and the complexity of her feelings, highlighting the theme of love amidst adversity. Nancy's loyalty and turmoil make her a tragic figure in the narrative.
Setting
Time period
1837
The narrative unfolds during the era surrounding the New Poor Law of 1837, a time marked by severe social issues and poverty in Britain. This period saw many vulnerable individuals, particularly orphans, subjected to harsh treatment and exploitation. The film captures the essence of societal challenges during this time, reflecting the lives of the impoverished.
Location
Workhouse, London
The film begins in a grim workhouse where malnourished boys are confined under strict and harsh conditions. This setting represents the bleak realities faced by the poor in 19th-century England. London, where Oliver ends up, serves as the backdrop for his adventures and encounters, showcasing both the struggles and the vibrancy of city life.
Themes
💔
Childhood Hardship
The film explores the struggles and resilience of children in adverse circumstances. Oliver's journey highlights the loss of innocence and the harsh realities of life as an orphan. Despite the challenges, themes of hope and the quest for love and belonging are prevalent throughout the story.
🎭
Survival and Crime
Survival instincts drive characters like Oliver and the Artful Dodger into a life of crime. The portrayal of theft and deception raises questions about morality and societal influence on behavior. The film delves into the consequences of desperation and the sometimes blurred lines between right and wrong.
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