13th 2016

Ratification of the 13th Amendment

The 13th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution was ratified in 1865, marking a significant moment in American history as it abolished slavery. However, it contained a loophole that allowed involuntary servitude as a punishment for crime, which would have profound implications for the treatment of people of color.

Introduction of 'Law & Order' by Nixon

Former President Richard Nixon's call for 'Law & Order' in the late 1960s aimed to address rising crime rates. Unfortunately, this slogan became a catalyst for a dramatic rise in incarceration rates, particularly affecting marginalized communities.

Rising Incarceration Rates

As a result of the policies enacted during Nixon's presidency, the incarceration rate in the United States soared. This alarming trend led to the U.S. housing 25% of the world's prisoners while constituting only 5% of the global population, showcasing systemic issues within the justice system.

John Ehrlichman's Admission

John Ehrlichman, who served as Nixon's Assistant for Domestic Affairs, revealed the chilling truth behind their policies. He candidly acknowledged that they were fully aware of the deceptive measures employed to target Black Americans, indicating a calculated approach to social control.

Legacy of Jim Crow Laws

The documentary highlights how the legacies of Jim Crow laws and segregation still influence modern America. These laws were designed to maintain white supremacy and have evolved into contemporary practices that continue to oppress Black individuals.

Modern Drug Busts

The film connects the systematic oppression of Black communities to current issues like drug busts. These busts serve as a reflection of historical injustices, portraying a cycle of targeting that has persisted through generations.

The Rise of the Prison/Industrial Complex

The documentary argues that the modern Prison/Industrial Complex is a continuation of strategies employed to dominate Black America. It discusses how the industrialization of prisons has turned incarceration into a profitable enterprise, further entrenching systemic inequities.

Call for Systemic Change

Ava DuVernay contends that superficial changes to the system will not suffice. The documentary emphasizes that a fundamental reconstruction of the socio-political landscape is necessary to address the entrenched issues of racial and economic inequality.

Historical Archives and Interviews

The documentary employs a rich blend of historical archives and interviews from various experts to craft its narrative. This combination provides viewers with a well-rounded understanding of the impact that the 13th Amendment's loophole continues to have on society today.

Awareness and Activism

By exposing these harsh realities, the film aims to raise awareness and inspire activism among viewers. It underscores the need for collective action to challenge and dismantle the systemic forces that perpetuate inequality and injustice.

Ongoing Relevance of the 13th Amendment

The documentary highlights that the implications of the 13th Amendment are far from over. It serves as a reminder that the fight against systemic racism and inequality is ongoing and requires constant vigilance from society as a whole.

Critical Reception

Upon its release, the documentary received critical acclaim for its insightful analysis and compelling storytelling. It sparked debates about the criminal justice system and the societal structures that uphold systemic racism.