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Parvana, portrayed by Saara Chaudry, is a courageous young girl navigating life in Kabul, Afghanistan, amidst Taliban rule. Her father, Nurullah, played by Ali Badshah, is a former teacher turned hawker, struggling to support their family after sustaining injuries during the Soviet-Afghan War. Tragedy strikes when he is unjustly arrested, following a misunderstanding with a volatile Taliban member, Idrees, who misinterprets a comment made in the marketplace.
With no male figure remaining in the family—her elder brother, Sulayman, having died years prior—Parvana finds herself in a dire situation alongside her mother Fattema, her older sister Soraya, and her baby brother, Zaki. As the Taliban enforces rules that prevent women from going out without a male relative, Parvana decides to disguise herself as a boy named “Aatish,” her father’s imaginary nephew. This brave decision allows her to venture outside and support her family by earning money and gathering food.
To keep spirits high, Parvana often entertains Zaki by recounting an imaginative tale of a young man on a quest to retrieve seeds stolen by the wicked Elephant King. The ruse proves successful, providing the family with much-needed resources. Guided by her friend Shauzia—another girl disguised as a boy to fend for her family—Parvana ventures to the prison in hopes of bribing the guards for a chance to see her father. Unfortunately, the plan is thwarted, and she is forced to retreat.
Undeterred, Parvana works hard, taking on labor jobs alongside Shauzia, who is also trying to save for her escape from her abusive home life. Meanwhile, her mother faces her own struggles by writing to a relative in Mazar-i-Sharif, proposing Soraya’s marriage for shelter and protection in these tumultuous times. During her journey, Parvana meets Razaq, who was present during her father’s arrest. Razaq, illiterate and looking to learn, befriends Parvana, who agrees to teach him to read after he reveals his own personal tragedy—his wife, Hawla, was killed by a mine.
However, Parvana’s dangerous endeavor doesn’t go unnoticed. At one of her labor jobs, she is recognized by Idrees, who threatens her life as she escapes with Shauzia. Luckily, their escape coincides with Idrees being called away to join a new war. Upon returning home, Parvana’s mother becomes increasingly worried and insists she abandon her perilous plan, especially since arrangements for Soraya’s marriage have been made.
Relenting to her mother’s concerns, Parvana sets off to inform her father in prison about their new situation, hoping to reunite the family with the help of Razaq’s cousin. Heartbreaking farewells are exchanged between Parvana and Shauzia, who promises to meet again in 20 years. However, as fate would have it, Parvana’s family connections intervene, forcing her to remain behind while her relatives leave.
At the prison, Parvana encounters Razaq again, who informs her that he will retrieve her father. In a harrowing scene of chaos, she witnesses the brutal executions of prisoners unfit for battle. Despite her fear, Parvana finds strength in the story she has been telling, turning the tale’s protagonist into her brother, Sulayman, who tragically died from a forgotten “toy”—a landmine.
In a shocking turn, Razaq is wounded while rescuing Nurullah, but he manages to unite father and daughter. Together, they escape the prison, embracing the hope of reuniting with their family as they continue the story that has been a source of strength through their struggles.
Life in Kabul Under Taliban Rule
Parvana, a young girl living in Kabul, Afghanistan, faces the challenges of life under Taliban rule. Her father, a former teacher, struggles to provide for the family after suffering injuries in the Soviet-Afghan War.
Father's Arrest
Tragedy strikes when Parvana's father, Nurullah, is unjustly arrested after a volatile misunderstanding with a Taliban member named Idrees. This incident leaves the family without a male protector and in a precarious situation.
Decision to Disguise as Boy
With her father imprisoned and her family in desperate need, Parvana decides to disguise herself as a boy named 'Aatish'. This bold choice allows her to go outside, earning money and gathering food to support her family.
Storytelling for Hope
To keep morale high, Parvana entertains her baby brother, Zaki, by spinning an imaginative tale about a young man's quest to recover seeds stolen by the wicked Elephant King. This storytelling not only provides joy but also a source of strength amidst hardship.
Visit to the Prison
Parvana, alongside her friend Shauzia, visits the prison in hopes of bribing the guards to see her father. Unfortunately, their plan fails, resulting in a forced retreat, further complicating their already challenging situation.
Taking on Labor Jobs
Determined to provide for her family, Parvana takes on various labor jobs with Shauzia, who is also working to escape an abusive household. Their partnership not only offers financial aid but also a vital support system in their harsh reality.
Mother's Marriage Proposal
Amidst the struggles, Parvana's mother writes to a relative in Mazar-i-Sharif, proposing the marriage of her daughter Soraya in exchange for shelter and safety. This act highlights the desperate measures families take in tumultuous times.
Meeting Razaq
During her hard labor, Parvana meets Razaq, who has witnessed her father's arrest. Razaq, longing to learn how to read, forms an unexpected friendship with Parvana after sharing his own tragic loss.
Confrontation with Idrees
While working, Parvana is recognized by Idrees who threatens her life. As she narrowly escapes with Shauzia, luck seems to favor them when Idrees is called away to join a new conflict.
Mother's Concern
Upon Parvana's return home, her mother expresses deep concern for her daughter's safety. She urges Parvana to abandon her risky plans, especially with Soraya's marriage arrangements underway.
Trip to Inform Father
Relinquishing some of her own desires for the sake of family, Parvana sets off to inform her father about their new circumstances, hoping that Razaq’s cousin can assist in their reunion.
Farewell with Shauzia
Before leaving, a heartfelt farewell takes place between Parvana and Shauzia, with promises to reunite in twenty years. This moment captures the deep bond between the two, forged in a time of shared struggle.
Chaos at the Prison
At the prison, Parvana encounters Razaq again, who assures her he will help find her father. Here, she witnesses the brutal consequences the prisoners face and finds inner strength through the story she has been telling.
Rescue and Reunion
In a dramatic turn of events, Razaq is wounded during the rescue of Parvana's father. Together, they escape the prison walls, filled with hope of reuniting the rest of their family against all odds.
Parvana
Parvana is a resilient young girl who defies societal restrictions placed upon her due to her gender. Transforming into 'Aatish,' she embodies strength and creativity, all while navigating the complexities of her situation with her family. Her determination reflects the struggle many face in oppressive environments.
Nurullah
Nurullah, Parvana's father, is a former teacher whose life has been profoundly affected by the war. Struggling to provide for his family, his unjust arrest becomes a catalyst for Parvana's journey. His character exemplifies the impact of external conflict on familial bonds.
Idrees
Idrees is portrayed as a volatile Taliban member whose misunderstanding leads to tragic consequences for Parvana's family. His character serves to underscore the arbitrariness of power in conflict zones and the dangers children face in their daily lives.
Razaq
Razaq, who befriends Parvana, symbolizes the struggle for education and freedom amidst oppression. His desire to learn to read and his tragic past resonate with Parvana's own journey, highlighting the bond that forms between those who suffer under similar circumstances.
Time period
Taliban rule, early 2000s
The early 2000s in Afghanistan were defined by a tumultuous political landscape following years of conflict. Under Taliban rule, restrictive laws were imposed, particularly affecting the rights of women and children, forcing families to adapt in heartbreaking and brave ways to survive in a harsh environment.
Location
Kabul, Afghanistan
Kabul, the capital of Afghanistan, is marked by its rich history, but in the context of this movie, it's a city heavily affected by societal constraints under Taliban rule. Known for its vibrant bazaars and historical architecture, Kabul has become a backdrop for tales of resilience and struggle amidst ongoing conflict.
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Bravery
Bravery is a central theme in 'The Breadwinner,' as Parvana embodies courage by disguising herself as a boy to support her family. Her determination to protect her loved ones highlights the lengths to which individuals will go to survive. The film showcases not just physical bravery, but also emotional strength in the face of adversity.
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Empowerment Through Knowledge
The theme of empowerment through knowledge is illustrated through Parvana's relationship with Razaq, where she takes on the role of a teacher. This mutual learning experience highlights the importance of education and literacy in overcoming oppression and instilling hope during dire circumstances.
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