Sidney Arthur Lumet (June 25, 1924 – April 9, 2011) was an acclaimed American film director known for his prolific contribution to cinema. Lumet began his career in theatre before transitioning to film, where he gained a reputation for creating realistic, hard-hitting New York dramas that focused on working-class life, social injustice, and authority. Over his lifetime, Lumet was nominated for multiple prestigious awards including the Academy Honorary Award and the Golden Globe Award. Also, his work received nominations for nine British Academy Film Awards and a Primetime Emmy Award.

His directorial brilliance led to several Academy Award nominations: four for Best Director and one for Best Adapted Screenplay. Lumet made his mark with films like 12 Angry Men, Dog Day Afternoon, Network, The Verdict, and Prince of the City. Not limiting himself to a single genre, his body of work also included films like The Pawnbroker, Fail Safe, The Hill, Serpico, Murder on the Orient Express, Equus, and The Morning After. Lumet's vision extended beyond the silver screen as he demonstrated his talent in television with works including NBC Sunday Showcase. He was also a renowned figure in Broadway, directing plays such as Night of the Auk, Caligula, and Nowhere to Go But Up.