Tora! Tora! Tora! 1970

Tokyo, 1941. Amid the chaos of World War II engulfing Europe, a significant change-of-command ceremony occurs aboard the Japanese battleship Nagato, which serves as the flagship for Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto](/actor/s-yamamura), the newly appointed Commander-in-Chief of the Combined Fleet. As he takes over from the outgoing Fleet Admiral Zengo Yoshida, a tense conversation unfolds between them in Yoshida’s cabin. They discuss the severe ramifications of America’s trade embargo that restricts Japan’s access to essential resources like oil, a situation worsened by Japan’s ongoing war in China since 1937. Despite their mutual understanding that a conflict with the United States would be disastrous, a meeting convened by Prime Minister Fumimaro Konoye ultimately leads to a consensus among key figures, including Foreign Minister Yosuke Matsuoka and the volatile War Minister General Hideki Tojo, to prepare for an attack on the U.S.

With tensions mounting, Yamamoto grows increasingly wary as Japan aligns itself with Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy by signing the Tripartite Pact. He believes that launching a surprise attack is the only way to ensure Japan’s survival against a potentially overwhelming American force. His fears are corroborated when he contemplates a bold preemptive strike aimed at annihilating the American Pacific fleet immediately to gain the upper hand in what could only be a short-lived yet fierce conflict.

In Japan, the military commands deliberate on the feasibility of striking Pearl Harbor. Recognizing its depth, they devise innovative solutions to bypass American defenses, such as modifying aerial torpedoes. Meanwhile, the Americans experience a crucial intelligence breakthrough by deciphering the Japanese Purple Code, allowing them to intercept and understand previously hidden communications. Unfortunately, their response is alarmingly slow, leaving them unprepared for the impending disaster.

As preparations are made, Admiral Husband Kimmel and General Walter C. Short make desperate attempts to fortify Pearl Harbor, but despite their diligence, lapses in intelligence reporting hinder effective defense. The situation becomes dire as Yamamoto, reflecting a portion of Japan’s military perspective, acknowledges the enormous challenges that lie ahead even if they succeed in destroying the U.S. fleet. Washington’s diplomatic tensions amplify as the clock ticks toward December 7.

On that fateful Sunday, December 7, 1941, while decision-makers in Washington indulge in leisurely activities, American intelligence scrambles to decipher the incoming coded messages. Urgent warnings go unheeded, and unanticipated movements by Japanese forces catch the U.S. Navy completely off guard. Just prior to the attack, a reconnaissance mission by the American destroyer USS Ward uncovers and sinks a Japanese midget submarine attempting to infiltrate Pearl Harbor. However, rather than spurring an immediate alert, it is met with bureaucratic apathy.

With the Japanese fleet nearing its target, a series of unfortunate misunderstandings lead to a delay in communication, giving Japanese aviators the element of surprise. As the attack commences, the sheer destruction unleashed decimates American aerial defenses, with critical aircraft destroyed on the ground while soldiers scramble to respond to what they initially perceive as a drill. The chaos unfolds as the Japanese commander’s voice echoes the fateful code “Tora, Tora, Tora,” signaling complete surprise.

Even amidst the devastation, there are tales of heroism, like that of Doris Miller, an African-American sailor who valiantly operates a machine gun despite the limitations imposed on him due to racial discrimination. Simultaneously, American pilots Ken Taylor and George Welch manage to take off and join the fray, shooting down several enemy planes against overwhelming odds.

As the carnage persists, a monumental blow is dealt to the U.S. fleet with a bomb landing on the USS Arizona, triggering a catastrophic explosion that further complicates rescue operations. In a twist of fate, the Japanese commanders, despite their success, make a critical decision not to execute a third wave of attacks that could have ensured America’s prolonged military disadvantage.

Back in Washington, the dawning realization of the magnitude of the attack leaves U.S. leaders, including Secretary of State Cordell Hull, in disbelief. As the Japanese ambassador arrives with an ultimatum, they are met with a cold reception, cementing the irrevocable shift toward open conflict.

Amidst the rubble and flames at Pearl Harbor, the U.S. aircraft carrier USS Enterprise arrives, witnessing the catastrophic impacts of the earlier assault. In Japan, Admiral Yamamoto reflects on the consequences of their actions, famously noting, > “I fear all we have done is to awaken a sleeping giant and fill him with a terrible resolve.”

As the closing credits roll, the devastation inflicted on the American fleet serves as a haunting reminder of the shocking unpreparedness faced by the nation on that historic day.